رشد فناوری و هدف اجتماعی شهرهای هوشمند امروزی یک خاستگاه تاریخی عمیق دارد که بر مبنای اختراعاتی بنا شده است که بدون آنها زندگی شهری به شکل امروزی ممکن نبود.
Department of Geography , University of Cambridge
Department of Geography , University of Washington
Department of Geography , University of Delhi
Department of Geography , University of British Columbia
Department of Geography , University of Utah
Department of Geography , Pennsylvania State University
Department of Geography , University of National Taiwan University
Department of Geography , University of Sheffield
Department of Geography , University of Dartmouth
Department of Geography , University of McGill
Department of Geography , University of Toronto
Department of Geography , National University of Singapore
Analysis of Urban Systems with Emphasis on the Urban Hierarchy:
Spatial Comparisons between England, Ireland and Iran
Ali Sheikhazami
Assistant Professor of Department of Geography , Faculty of Marine Science and Technology,
Islamic Azad University, Tehran North Branch
Cities are places in the last century where become focus of the types of collisions that became these cities are conceived as spatial forms that are resulting of the interaction of network congestion. This paper examines the comparative urban hierarchy, Iran, England and Ireland in 1996 and 2006 years. Content analysis is a statistical method in this study. Information gathered via the Internet and the processing and sorting data, the cities of Iran and the United Kingdom and Ireland, has been studied out with different models primary city and rank-size. Results of this study show that the urban hierarchy in Iran than in England and Ireland urban hierarchy no significant difference in the rate of primary city. But in the urban hierarchy of cities, especially in middle class in cities in England and Ireland is not the middle class up to metropolitan class, but this rise is observed in Iran that one of the major reasons that this type of system, Iran is the country's economic and social structures. England and Ireland country is not balanced in term of enjoyment of networks of cities for population, activity, and amenity, service, and infrastructure and inappreciable deferent perceivable in network of cities the country.
Kay Word:
Urban System, Urban Hierarchy, Iran, England and Ireland
Ali Sheikhazami a, Soha Aliakbari b,*
a Department of Geography and Urban Planning, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
b Departmentof urban engineering, Oloom va Fonon Daryayei, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Received: 16 June 2019 - Accepted: 25 August 2020
The aging process starts from birth. According to the American Nutrition Association, old age refers to natural, progressive, and irreversible physiological changes. One of the criteria for assessing the quality of space is the presence of special social groups. The elderly are also part of this group that, with their presence, can contribute to the sustainability and vitality of urban spaces and thereby improve their quality. The city and the permanent neighborhoods are a place where the organization and refurbishment of all services are tailored to the needs of the elderly and it provide sustainable environment for the next elderly generation. The purpose of this study was evaluation of sustainable neighborhood development for the elderly with emphasis on physical and social sustainability of District 8 of Tehran. The research method is descriptive-analytical and of a practical type. Through the library method, 384 questionnaires have been completed based on the formula for determining the sample size by elderly people through field studies. The data was analyzed by SPSS software and related assumptions were analyzed through single-variable t-test. The results obtained from the viewpoint of the elderly are related to physical criteria only to meet their basic needs and social indicators below the standard considered in the research (2.5). Therefore, both dimensions are far from reaching the standard status. Finally, in line with the shortcomings and weaknesses of the region, suggestions are presented.
Keywords: The Elderly, Physical Dimension, Social Dimension, Sustainable Neighborhoods
The cities of Sari, Chalus and Ramsar are at the first level of development in terms of sustainable urban development indicators, and Golugah and Miandorud are at the lowest level of development with a huge difference compared to other cities. As it is clear in the above table, most of the cities in the west of the province, especially the cities that were included in the linear urban network of the province, are at a high level of development, and on the contrary, all the cities that were underdeveloped and deprived are in the area of the urban sector network of the province. Among the seven developed middle-class cities, only two cities, Amol and Babol, belong to the sectoral urban network of the province, and the other five cities are all located in the linear urban network of the province(sheikhazami,2014,88).
Source: Sheikhazami, Ali. Devsalar, Asadullah, 2014, the role of urban network in sustainable urban development, case study: Mazandaran province, Human Settlements Planning Studies Quarterly, Year 10, Number 32